While wrapping up warm, we look at patient warming techniques and heat loss in our small animal patients, as well as what to do about it!

Let’s take a deep breath and look at the literature on tidal volumes and dead space volumes in our small animal patients and compare it against the 10ml/kg rule of thumb that is often published.

Does your patient's low blood pressure during anaesthesia cause yours to rise in response? What are we actually measuring? How reliable are these readings? Let’s take a look at the literature. It might be time to move your doppler machine out of the theatre..

C-Sections can be both terrifying and exciting in the operating room, but are there any choices we can make in our patients that will affect the bitch's (or queen's!) anaesthesia experience and the neonates' vitality? What evidence do we have? Let’s look!

Should crystalloid fluid boluses be the first line of defence in managing hypotension in anaesthetised patients? What if I told you...probably not? What and when are the benefits? Let us take a look at the literature on using fluid therapy in our anaesthetised patients!

Should pre-anaesthesia blood testing be mandatory? What evidence do we have around how beneficial they are, or are we able to potentially predict abdnormalities based on the clinical presentation of the patient and therefore make appropiate anaesthesia plan changes?

Since we're so on trend with being #locoforlocal, let's look at what the literature says about their impact, efficacy, and benefits for our patients.

Given that gastro-oesophageal reflux is common in our anaesthetised patients, what is the literature on gastroprotectant drugs? Should we give them preemptively? Once the event has occured? Let’s dive in!

Medetomidine can be administered as a premedication, a CRI, or in conjunction with nerve blocks such as epidurals. From sedation to balanced anaesthesia, dosing tricks, side effects, and when to use atipamezole. A practical overview of the pros, cons, and real-world applications of this useful α₂-agonist.